Comparing Lithography-based Metal Manufacturing For Titanium With Established Processes Such As Cold Metal Fusion And Metal Injection Molding

Authors:

Tim Marter (Element22 GmbH, Germany)

Abstract:

This study explores the challenges of sinter-based additive manufacturing for reactive materials, focusing on titanium. Thermal debinding and sintering, crucial steps in shaping, are analyzed with emphasis on polymer binder removal and control of interstitial elements like C and O to meet ASTM F2885-17 standards. While prior research emphasized simpler materials like 316L and 17-4-PH, titanium introduces complexities requiring meticulous process adjustments.The research examines shaping requirements such as green part strength, flexibility (filaments), flowability (Metal Injection Moulding), and crosslinking (Stereolithography). Lithography-Based Metal Manufacturing (LMM) and Cold Metal Fusion (CMF) are highlighted as cost-effective, sustainable alternatives to Metal Injection Moulding for small to medium titanium batches, enabling efficient reuse of feedstock.A detailed comparison of LMM and CMF evaluates mechanical properties, surface finishes, and costs. This study aims to optimize shaping technologies based on mechanical performance, density, interstitial acceptance, complexity, and structural features like wall thickness and overhangs.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59499/EP256767043